[
  {
    "id": "IR-001",
    "year": 2013,
    "organization": "Amnesty International",
    "documentType": "Indagine / rapporto sui diritti umani",
    "title": {
      "it": "Uccisioni illegali durante le proteste e le violenze politiche del 5 e dell’8 luglio 2013",
      "ar": "القتل غير المشروع في احتجاجات 5 و8 يوليو 2013",
      "en": "Unlawful killings in protests and political violence on 5 and 8 July 2013"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Una prima documentazione sul campo delle uccisioni presso la Guardia repubblicana e di altri episodi di luglio, basata su testimonianze, manifestanti feriti, personale sanitario e prove raccolte sui luoghi degli eventi. Amnesty ha riscontrato l’uso di forza letale contro persone che non rappresentavano alcuna minaccia per la vita altrui.",
      "ar": "توثيق ميداني مبكر للقتل عند الحرس الجمهوري ووقائع يوليو، يستند إلى شهود ومصابين وأطباء وأدلة من مواقع الأحداث. خلصت المنظمة إلى استخدام قوة قاتلة ضد أشخاص لم يشكلوا خطرًا على الأرواح.",
      "en": "Early field documentation of killings at the Republican Guard and other July incidents, drawing on witnesses, injured protesters, medical staff and scene evidence. Amnesty found lethal force used against people posing no threat to life."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Stragi e uccisioni illegali"
    ],
    "published": "2013-07",
    "periodCovered": "2013-07-05 / 2013-07-08",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.es.amnesty.org/fileadmin/noticias/2013_-_07_-_Unlawful_killings__English__02.pdf",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 2,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-002",
    "year": 2014,
    "organization": "Human Rights Watch",
    "documentType": "Indagine / rapporto sui diritti umani",
    "title": {
      "it": "Tutto secondo i piani: il massacro di Rabaa e le uccisioni di massa di manifestanti in Egitto",
      "ar": "حسب الخطة: مجزرة رابعة والقتل الجماعي للمتظاهرين في مصر",
      "en": "All According to Plan: The Rab’a Massacre and Mass Killings of Protesters in Egypt"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Un’indagine che documenta sei episodi di uccisioni di massa, tra cui quelli della Guardia repubblicana, di Manassa, di Rabaa e di Nahda. Ha documentato almeno 817 persone uccise nella sola Rabaa e ha concluso che queste uccisioni, per le loro caratteristiche, probabilmente costituivano crimini contro l’umanità.",
      "ar": "تحقيق يوثق ست وقائع قتل جماعي، بينها الحرس الجمهوري والمنصة ورابعة والنهضة. وثق حدًا أدنى من 817 قتيلًا في رابعة وحدها، وخلص إلى أن نمط القتل يرجح ارتقاءه إلى جرائم ضد الإنسانية.",
      "en": "An investigation documenting six mass killings, including the Republican Guard, Manassa, Rabaa and Nahda. It documented at least 817 killed at Rabaa alone and found the pattern likely amounted to crimes against humanity."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Stragi e uccisioni illegali"
    ],
    "published": "2014-08-12",
    "periodCovered": "2013-07 / 2013-08",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.hrw.org/report/2014/08/12/all-according-plan/raba-massacre-and-mass-killings-protesters-egypt",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 3,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-003",
    "year": 2014,
    "organization": "Amnesty International",
    "documentType": "Indagine / rapporto sui diritti umani",
    "title": {
      "it": "Una tabella di marcia verso la repressione: nessuna fine in vista per le violazioni dei diritti umani",
      "ar": "خارطة طريق إلى القمع: انتهاكات لا نهاية لها في الأفق",
      "en": "Roadmap to Repression: No End in Sight to Human Rights Violations"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Esamina i primi mesi dopo il colpo di Stato del luglio 2013: uccisioni di manifestanti, arresti, tortura, restrizioni alla libertà di espressione e di riunione pacifica e persistente impunità.",
      "ar": "يرصد الأشهر الأولى بعد انقلاب يوليو 2013: قتل المتظاهرين، والاعتقالات، والتعذيب، واستهداف التعبير والتجمع السلمي، واستمرار الإفلات من العقاب.",
      "en": "Examines the first months after the July 2013 coup: protest killings, arrests, torture, restrictions on peaceful expression and assembly, and persistent impunity."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Libertà e società civile"
    ],
    "published": "2014-01-23",
    "periodCovered": "2013-07 / 2014-01",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.amnesty.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/mde120052014en.pdf",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 4,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-004",
    "year": 2015,
    "organization": "Amnesty International",
    "documentType": "Indagine / rapporto sui diritti umani",
    "title": {
      "it": "Cerchi infernali: violenza domestica, pubblica e di Stato contro le donne in Egitto",
      "ar": "دوائر الجحيم: العنف الأسري والعام وعنف الدولة ضد النساء",
      "en": "Circles of Hell: Domestic, Public and State Violence against Women in Egypt"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Documenta la violenza contro donne e ragazze in casa, negli spazi pubblici e in stato di detenzione, mostrando come una tutela giuridica inadeguata e l’impunità compromettano la sicurezza e la partecipazione alla vita pubblica.",
      "ar": "يوثق العنف ضد النساء والفتيات في المنازل والمجال العام والاحتجاز، ويكشف أثر القصور القانوني والإفلات من العقاب على سلامتهن ومشاركتهن في الحياة العامة.",
      "en": "Documents violence against women and girls at home, in public and in custody, showing how inadequate legal protection and impunity undermine safety and participation in public life."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Donne e violenza sessuale"
    ],
    "published": "2015-01-21",
    "periodCovered": "2011–2014",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/MDE12/004/2015/en/",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 5,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-005",
    "year": 2015,
    "organization": "FIDH",
    "documentType": "Indagine / rapporto sui diritti umani",
    "title": {
      "it": "Svelare l’ipocrisia dello Stato: la violenza sessuale delle forze di sicurezza in Egitto",
      "ar": "فضح نفاق الدولة: العنف الجنسي الذي ترتكبه قوات الأمن في مصر",
      "en": "Exposing State Hypocrisy: Sexual Violence by Security Forces in Egypt"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Esamina la violenza sessuale esercitata dalle forze di sicurezza dopo il luglio 2013 come strumento per umiliare le persone detenute e intimidire la società civile.",
      "ar": "يتناول استخدام العنف الجنسي على يد قوات الأمن بعد يوليو 2013 بوصفه أداة لإذلال المحتجزين وكسرهم وترهيب المجتمع المدني.",
      "en": "Examines sexual violence by security forces after July 2013 as a means of humiliating detainees and intimidating civil society."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Donne e violenza sessuale",
      "Tortura e sparizioni forzate"
    ],
    "published": "2015-05",
    "periodCovered": "2013–2015",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.fidh.org/IMG/pdf/egypt661-uk2015web-1.pdf",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 6,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-006",
    "year": 2015,
    "organization": "Human Rights Watch",
    "documentType": "Indagine / rapporto sui diritti umani",
    "title": {
      "it": "Cercate un’altra patria: gli sgomberi forzati a Rafah, in Egitto",
      "ar": "ابحثوا عن وطن آخر: التهجير القسري في رفح المصرية",
      "en": "Look for Another Homeland: Forced Evictions in Egypt’s Rafah"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Documenta la demolizione di abitazioni, gli sfollamenti forzati e la distruzione di terreni agricoli a Rafah, ricostruendo la perdita della casa, delle attività agricole e dei mezzi di sussistenza.",
      "ar": "يوثق هدم المنازل وتهجير الأسر وتجريف الأراضي في رفح، وآثار فقد المسكن والزراعة ومصادر الرزق على الأهالي.",
      "en": "Documents home demolitions, forced displacement and destruction of farmland in Rafah, tracing the loss of housing, agriculture and livelihoods."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Sinai, sfollamento e abitazione"
    ],
    "published": "2015-09-22",
    "periodCovered": "2013–2015",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.hrw.org/report/2015/09/22/look-another-homeland/forced-evictions-egypts-rafah",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 7,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-007",
    "year": 2016,
    "organization": "Amnesty International",
    "documentType": "Indagine / rapporto sui diritti umani",
    "title": {
      "it": "Ufficialmente non esisti: sparizioni e tortura in nome della lotta al terrorismo",
      "ar": "رسميًا، أنت غير موجود: الاختفاء والتعذيب باسم مكافحة الإرهاب",
      "en": "Officially, You Do Not Exist: Disappeared and Tortured in the Name of Counter-terrorism"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Documenta sparizioni forzate, tortura e confessioni estorte che coinvolgono studenti, attivisti e minori, insieme al calvario delle famiglie alla ricerca dei propri cari scomparsi.",
      "ar": "يوثق الاختفاء القسري والتعذيب والاعترافات المنتزعة بالإكراه، بما يشمل طلابًا ونشطاء وأطفالًا، ومعاناة أسر تبحث عن ذويها بلا إجابة.",
      "en": "Documents enforced disappearance, torture and coerced confessions involving students, activists and children, and the ordeal of families searching for missing relatives."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Tortura e sparizioni forzate",
      "Detenzione e processi",
      "Bambini in detenzione"
    ],
    "published": "2016-07-13",
    "periodCovered": "2013–2016",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/mde12/4368/2016/en/",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 8,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-008",
    "year": 2017,
    "organization": "Human Rights Watch",
    "documentType": "Indagine / rapporto sui diritti umani",
    "title": {
      "it": "Qui facciamo cose irragionevoli: tortura e Sicurezza nazionale nell’Egitto di al-Sisi",
      "ar": "نحن نفعل أشياء غير معقولة هنا: التعذيب والأمن الوطني في مصر السيسي",
      "en": "We Do Unreasonable Things Here: Torture and National Security in al-Sisi’s Egypt"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Documenta percosse, scariche elettriche e violenza sessuale, nonché l’impunità che permette alla tortura di continuare. Human Rights Watch ha concluso che la tortura diffusa e sistematica probabilmente costituiva un crimine contro l’umanità.",
      "ar": "يوثق التعذيب بالضرب والصعق الكهربائي والعنف الجنسي، ودور الإفلات من العقاب في استمراره. ويرى أن اتساع التعذيب ومنهجيته يرجحان ارتقاءه إلى جريمة ضد الإنسانية.",
      "en": "Documents beatings, electric shocks and sexual violence, and the impunity sustaining torture. HRW found that widespread, systematic torture likely amounted to a crime against humanity."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Tortura e sparizioni forzate",
      "Detenzione e processi"
    ],
    "published": "2017-09-05",
    "periodCovered": "2014–2016",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.hrw.org/report/2017/09/06/we-do-unreasonable-things-here/torture-and-national-security-al-sisis-egypt",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 9,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-009",
    "year": 2019,
    "organization": "Human Rights Watch",
    "documentType": "Indagine / rapporto sui diritti umani",
    "title": {
      "it": "Se temete per la vostra vita, lasciate il Sinai!",
      "ar": "إذا كنتم تخشون على حياتكم، غادروا سيناء",
      "en": "If You Are Afraid for Your Lives, Leave Sinai!"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Indaga su arresti arbitrari, sparizioni, tortura, uccisioni e sfollamenti nel Sinai settentrionale. Documenta le violazioni commesse dalle forze di sicurezza e dal gruppo affiliato all’ISIS, ponendo al centro la sofferenza dei civili durante il conflitto.",
      "ar": "تحقيق في الاعتقال التعسفي والإخفاء والتعذيب والقتل والتهجير في شمال سيناء. يوثق انتهاكات قوات الأمن وانتهاكات تنظيم ولاية سيناء، ويعرض معاناة المدنيين خلال النزاع.",
      "en": "Investigates arbitrary arrest, disappearance, torture, killings and displacement in North Sinai. It documents abuses by security forces and the ISIS affiliate, centring civilians’ suffering during the conflict."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Sinai, sfollamento e abitazione",
      "Tortura e sparizioni forzate",
      "Stragi e uccisioni illegali"
    ],
    "published": "2019-05-28",
    "periodCovered": "2013–2019",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.hrw.org/report/2019/05/28/if-you-are-afraid-your-lives-leave-sinai/egyptian-security-forces-and-isis",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 10,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-010",
    "year": 2019,
    "organization": "Amnesty International",
    "documentType": "Indagine / rapporto sui diritti umani",
    "title": {
      "it": "Uno stato d’eccezione permanente: le violazioni della Procura suprema per la sicurezza dello Stato",
      "ar": "حالة استثناء دائمة: انتهاكات نيابة أمن الدولة العليا",
      "en": "Permanent State of Exception: Abuses by the Supreme State Security Prosecution"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Documenta il ruolo della Procura suprema per la sicurezza dello Stato nella detenzione arbitraria e nella negazione delle garanzie di un processo equo, nonché l’uso delle leggi antiterrorismo contro la libertà di espressione, l’attività politica e la difesa pacifica dei diritti.",
      "ar": "يوثق دور نيابة أمن الدولة العليا في الاحتجاز التعسفي وتقويض ضمانات المحاكمة العادلة، واستخدام قوانين مكافحة الإرهاب ضد التعبير والعمل السياسي والحقوقي السلمي.",
      "en": "Documents the Supreme State Security Prosecution’s role in arbitrary detention and denial of fair-trial safeguards, and the use of counterterrorism laws against peaceful expression, politics and rights work."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Detenzione e processi",
      "Tortura e sparizioni forzate",
      "Libertà e società civile"
    ],
    "published": "2019-11-27",
    "periodCovered": "2013–2019",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/mde12/1399/2019/en/",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 11,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-011",
    "year": 2020,
    "organization": "Human Rights Watch",
    "documentType": "Indagine / rapporto sui diritti umani",
    "title": {
      "it": "A nessuno importava che fosse un bambino: le violazioni delle forze di sicurezza egiziane contro i minori detenuti",
      "ar": "لم يهتم أحد بأنه طفل: انتهاكات قوات الأمن بحق الأطفال المحتجزين",
      "en": "No One Cared He Was a Child: Egyptian Security Forces’ Abuse of Children in Detention"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Un’indagine congiunta con Belady che documenta violazioni contro 20 minori di età compresa tra 12 e 17 anni al momento dell’arresto, tra cui sparizioni, tortura e confessioni estorte.",
      "ar": "تحقيق مشترك مع بلادي يوثق انتهاكات بحق 20 طفلًا كانت أعمارهم عند الاعتقال بين 12 و17 عامًا، بينها الإخفاء والتعذيب وانتزاع الاعترافات.",
      "en": "A joint investigation with Belady documenting abuses against 20 children aged 12–17 when arrested, including disappearance, torture and coerced confessions."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Bambini in detenzione",
      "Tortura e sparizioni forzate",
      "Detenzione e processi"
    ],
    "published": "2020-03-23",
    "periodCovered": "2014–2019",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.hrw.org/report/2020/03/23/no-one-cared-he-was-child/egyptian-security-forces-abuse-children-detention",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 12,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-012",
    "year": 2021,
    "organization": "Amnesty International",
    "documentType": "Indagine / rapporto sui diritti umani",
    "title": {
      "it": "Che m’importa se muori? Negligenza e negazione dell’assistenza sanitaria nelle carceri egiziane",
      "ar": "وماذا يعنيني إن مت؟ الإهمال والحرمان من الرعاية الصحية في السجون",
      "en": "What Do I Care if You Die? Negligence and Denial of Health Care in Egyptian Prisons"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Mette in relazione le condizioni disumane di detenzione e la negazione delle cure con la sofferenza dei detenuti e delle loro famiglie e, in alcuni casi, con morti evitabili e danni permanenti alla salute.",
      "ar": "يربط ظروف الاحتجاز اللاإنسانية والحرمان من العلاج بمعاناة السجناء وأسرهم، وبوفيات كان يمكن تجنبها وأضرار صحية دائمة في بعض الحالات.",
      "en": "Connects inhumane detention conditions and denial of care with prisoners’ and families’ suffering, and with preventable deaths and lasting health damage in some cases."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Carceri e negazione delle cure"
    ],
    "published": "2021-01-25",
    "periodCovered": "2019–2020",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/mde12/3538/2021/en/",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 13,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-013",
    "year": 2021,
    "organization": "Human Rights Watch",
    "documentType": "Indagine / rapporto sui diritti umani",
    "title": {
      "it": "Se ne sono occupate le forze di sicurezza: uccisioni sospette ed esecuzioni extragiudiziali",
      "ar": "قوات الأمن تعاملت معهم: القتل والإعدام خارج نطاق القضاء",
      "en": "Security Forces Dealt with Them: Suspicious Killings and Extrajudicial Executions"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Esamina uccisioni presentate come scontri a fuoco e prove del fatto che le vittime non rappresentassero una minaccia imminente; alcune erano già detenute prima di essere uccise.",
      "ar": "يفحص وقائع قتل قدمتها السلطات باعتبارها اشتباكات، ويعرض أدلة تشير إلى أن ضحايا لم يشكلوا خطرًا وشيكًا، وأن بعضهم كان في الاحتجاز قبل مقتله.",
      "en": "Examines killings presented as shootouts and evidence that victims posed no imminent threat, with some already in custody before being killed."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Stragi e uccisioni illegali",
      "Carceri e negazione delle cure"
    ],
    "published": "2021-09-07",
    "periodCovered": "2015–2020",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.hrw.org/report/2021/09/07/security-forces-dealt-them/suspicious-killings-and-extrajudicial-executions",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 14,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-014",
    "year": 2023,
    "organization": "Amnesty International",
    "documentType": "Dichiarazione e valutazione sui diritti",
    "title": {
      "it": "Il decennio della vergogna in Egitto: un attacco incessante ai diritti umani dal massacro di Rabaa",
      "ar": "عقد العار: اعتداء متواصل على حقوق الإنسان منذ مجزرة رابعة",
      "en": "Egypt’s Decade of Shame: Unrelenting Assault on Human Rights since Rabaa Massacre"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Un bilancio di dieci anni di diritti umani che collega la repressione dopo Rabaa e Nahda all’impunità e chiede giustizia per le vittime.",
      "ar": "حصيلة حقوقية لعشر سنوات من القمع بعد رابعة والنهضة، تربط استمرار الانتهاكات بحماية المسؤولين من المساءلة وتطالب بالعدالة للضحايا.",
      "en": "A ten-year rights assessment linking repression after Rabaa and Nahda to impunity and demanding justice for victims."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Rapporti annuali",
      "Stragi e uccisioni illegali",
      "Libertà e società civile"
    ],
    "published": "2023-08-14",
    "periodCovered": "2013–2023",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/mde12/7094/2023/en/",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 15,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-015",
    "year": 2023,
    "organization": "United Nations",
    "documentType": "Osservazioni degli organi ONU",
    "title": {
      "it": "Comitato per i diritti umani: osservazioni conclusive sull’Egitto — CCPR/C/EGY/CO/5",
      "ar": "اللجنة المعنية بحقوق الإنسان: ملاحظات بشأن مصر — CCPR/C/EGY/CO/5",
      "en": "Human Rights Committee: Concluding Observations on Egypt — CCPR/C/EGY/CO/5"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Le conclusioni delle Nazioni Unite riguardano la detenzione prolungata, i processi e le libertà, inclusi arresti, divieti di viaggio e congelamento dei beni ai danni dei difensori dei diritti umani.",
      "ar": "وثيقة أممية تتناول الاحتجاز المطول والمحاكمات والحريات، واستهداف المدافعين عن الحقوق بالاعتقال والمنع من السفر وتجميد الأموال.",
      "en": "UN findings address prolonged detention, trials and freedoms, including arrests, travel bans and asset freezes targeting human rights defenders."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Detenzione e processi",
      "Libertà e società civile"
    ],
    "published": "2023-04-14",
    "periodCovered": "2023",
    "sourceUrl": "https://uhri.ohchr.org/Document/File/488e38b7-194c-4664-9d64-f1f4cb724322/B556E73A-E10E-4477-9BF5-5E5688B25285",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 16,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-016",
    "year": 2023,
    "organization": "United Nations",
    "documentType": "Osservazioni degli organi ONU",
    "title": {
      "it": "Comitato contro la tortura: osservazioni conclusive sull’Egitto — CAT/C/EGY/CO/5",
      "ar": "لجنة مناهضة التعذيب: ملاحظات بشأن مصر — CAT/C/EGY/CO/5",
      "en": "Committee against Torture: Concluding Observations on Egypt — CAT/C/EGY/CO/5"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Affronta la tortura, la detenzione senza contatti con l’esterno, le sparizioni forzate e l’accesso ad avvocati e medici, indicando gli obblighi dell’Egitto di prevenire le violazioni e garantire l’accertamento delle responsabilità.",
      "ar": "تتناول التعذيب والاحتجاز بمعزل عن العالم الخارجي والاختفاء القسري وضمانات الوصول إلى المحامي والطبيب، وتحدد التزامات مصر لمنع الانتهاكات ومحاسبة مرتكبيها.",
      "en": "Addresses torture, incommunicado detention, enforced disappearance and access to lawyers and doctors, setting out Egypt’s obligations to prevent abuses and ensure accountability."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Tortura e sparizioni forzate",
      "Detenzione e processi",
      "Carceri e negazione delle cure"
    ],
    "published": "2023-12-12",
    "periodCovered": "2023",
    "sourceUrl": "https://docstore.ohchr.org/SelfServices/FilesHandler.ashx?enc=4eyLOzyj6w3%2Bv%2FH%2BXMt2wFyPmTTtbfOzWXKfXDpSstfQjszZ6Nz8VoT0jEjxwNAbIVA5Susfg0KZ665dxHfI7g%3D%3D",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 17,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-017",
    "year": 2024,
    "organization": "Amnesty International",
    "documentType": "Indagine / rapporto sui diritti umani",
    "title": {
      "it": "Ammanettati come criminali pericolosi: detenzione arbitraria e rimpatri forzati di rifugiati sudanesi in Egitto",
      "ar": "مكبلون كالمجرمين الخطرين: اعتقال اللاجئين السودانيين وإعادتهم قسرًا",
      "en": "Handcuffed like Dangerous Criminals: Arbitrary Detention and Forced Returns of Sudanese Refugees in Egypt"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Documenta arresti arbitrari, condizioni crudeli di detenzione e rimpatri forzati di cittadini sudanesi verso una zona di guerra, senza accesso all’asilo né possibilità di contestare l’allontanamento.",
      "ar": "يوثق الاعتقال التعسفي والاحتجاز في ظروف قاسية وإعادة سودانيين إلى منطقة حرب، دون إتاحة طلب اللجوء أو الطعن في الترحيل.",
      "en": "Documents arbitrary arrests, cruel detention conditions and forced returns of Sudanese people to a war zone without access to asylum or an opportunity to challenge removal."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Rifugiati e asilo",
      "Detenzione e processi"
    ],
    "published": "2024-06-19",
    "periodCovered": "2023-09 / 2024",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/mde12/8101/2024/en/",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 18,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-018",
    "year": 2025,
    "organization": "CIVICUS",
    "documentType": "Nota sui diritti umani",
    "title": {
      "it": "Le violazioni dello spazio civico in Egitto sotto esame",
      "ar": "انتهاكات الحيز المدني في مصر تحت المراجعة",
      "en": "Civic Space Violations in Egypt under Review"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Ricostruisce la repressione di giornalisti e difensori dei diritti umani, il rinnovo della detenzione attraverso nuovi procedimenti e le leggi restrittive che incidono sulle libertà e sulla riservatezza nel periodo dell’esame dell’Egitto alle Nazioni Unite.",
      "ar": "يرصد قمع الصحفيين والمدافعين عن الحقوق، وتدوير المحتجزين، ومخاطر التشريعات المقيدة للحريات والخصوصية في سياق مراجعة مصر الأممية.",
      "en": "Tracks repression of journalists and rights defenders, recycling of detention cases and restrictive legislation affecting freedoms and privacy around Egypt’s UN review."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Libertà e società civile"
    ],
    "published": "2025-04-24",
    "periodCovered": "2025",
    "sourceUrl": "https://monitor.civicus.org/explore/civic-space-violations-in-egypt-under-review/",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 19,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-019",
    "year": 2026,
    "organization": "Freedom House",
    "documentType": "Indice internazionale",
    "title": {
      "it": "La libertà nel mondo 2026: Egitto",
      "ar": "الحرية في العالم 2026: مصر",
      "en": "Freedom in the World 2026: Egypt"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Classifica l’Egitto come «Non libero», con 18 punti su 100, descrivendo la soppressione di un’opposizione politica effettiva, le gravi restrizioni alla libertà di espressione e di riunione e l’impunità.",
      "ar": "يصنف مصر «غير حرة» بدرجة 18 من 100، ويرصد غياب المعارضة السياسية الفاعلة والقيود الشديدة على التعبير والتجمع واستمرار الإفلات من العقاب.",
      "en": "Rates Egypt Not Free at 18/100, describing the suppression of meaningful political opposition, severe restrictions on expression and assembly, and impunity."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Libertà e società civile"
    ],
    "published": "2026",
    "periodCovered": "2025",
    "sourceUrl": "https://freedomhouse.org/country/egypt/freedom-world/2026",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 20,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-020",
    "year": 2025,
    "organization": "Freedom House",
    "documentType": "Indice internazionale",
    "title": {
      "it": "La libertà in rete 2025: Egitto",
      "ar": "حرية الإنترنت 2025: مصر",
      "en": "Freedom on the Net 2025: Egypt"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Esamina il blocco dei siti web, la sorveglianza e i procedimenti contro utenti e giornalisti, nonché l’effetto intimidatorio delle sanzioni. L’Egitto è classificato come «Non libero», con 28 punti su 100.",
      "ar": "يرصد حجب المواقع والمراقبة وملاحقة المستخدمين والصحفيين، وأثر الخوف من العقاب على التعبير. تصنيف مصر «غير حرة» بدرجة 28 من 100.",
      "en": "Tracks website blocking, surveillance and prosecutions of users and journalists, and the chilling effect of punishment. Egypt is rated Not Free at 28/100."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Diritti digitali"
    ],
    "published": "2025",
    "periodCovered": "2024-06-01 / 2025-05-31",
    "sourceUrl": "https://freedomhouse.org/country/egypt/freedom-net/2025",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 21,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-021",
    "year": 2026,
    "organization": "Reporters Without Borders",
    "documentType": "Indice internazionale",
    "title": {
      "it": "La libertà di stampa in Egitto: indice 2026 e profilo del Paese",
      "ar": "حرية الصحافة في مصر: مؤشر 2026 والملف القطري",
      "en": "Press Freedom in Egypt: 2026 Index and Country Profile"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "L’indice 2026 colloca l’Egitto al 169º posto su 180 e descrive il pluralismo limitato, il controllo statale dei mezzi di informazione e le minacce e la detenzione cui sono esposti i giornalisti.",
      "ar": "يصنف المؤشر مصر في المرتبة 169 من 180، ويصف تضييق التعددية وسيطرة الدولة على الإعلام وتهديد الصحفيين وسجنهم.",
      "en": "The 2026 index ranks Egypt 169th of 180 and describes restricted pluralism, state control of media and threats and imprisonment facing journalists."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Giornalismo e libertà di stampa"
    ],
    "published": "2026",
    "periodCovered": "2026",
    "sourceUrl": "https://rsf.org/en/country/egypt",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 22,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-022",
    "year": 2026,
    "organization": "Committee to Protect Journalists",
    "documentType": "Censimento periodico",
    "title": {
      "it": "Censimento 2025 dei giornalisti detenuti: l’Egitto tra i Paesi che ne incarcerano di più",
      "ar": "تعداد الصحفيين السجناء 2025: مصر ضمن أكبر السجون للصحافة",
      "en": "2025 Journalist Prison Census: Egypt among the Leading Jailers"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Il censimento internazionale registra 18 giornalisti detenuti in Egitto alla data del 1º dicembre 2025 e descrive arresti per ritorsione e dure condizioni carcerarie.",
      "ar": "يتضمن التقرير الدولي 18 صحفيًا محتجزًا في مصر ضمن لقطة التعداد في 1 ديسمبر 2025، ويعرض استمرار الاعتقالات الانتقامية وظروف السجن القاسية.",
      "en": "The international census records 18 journalists imprisoned in Egypt in its 1 December 2025 snapshot and describes retaliatory arrests and harsh prison conditions."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Giornalismo e libertà di stampa"
    ],
    "published": "2026-01-21",
    "periodCovered": "2025-12-01",
    "sourceUrl": "https://cpj.org/special-reports/2025-journalist-jailings-remain-stubbornly-high-harsh-prison-conditions-pervasive/",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 23,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-023",
    "year": 2026,
    "organization": "Amnesty International",
    "documentType": "Rapporto annuale",
    "title": {
      "it": "Rapporto di Amnesty International 2025/26: Egitto",
      "ar": "التقرير السنوي 2025/2026: حقوق الإنسان في مصر",
      "en": "Amnesty International Report 2025/26: Egypt"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Tratta procedimenti giudiziari, morti in stato di detenzione, processi iniqui e discriminazione, insieme ai diritti economici e sociali, al diritto all’alloggio e ai diritti dei rifugiati.",
      "ar": "يغطي الملاحقات والوفيات في الاحتجاز والمحاكمات الجائرة والتمييز، إلى جانب تدهور الحقوق الاقتصادية والاجتماعية والسكن وحقوق اللاجئين.",
      "en": "Covers prosecutions, deaths in custody, unfair trials and discrimination, alongside economic and social rights, housing and refugee rights."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Rapporti annuali",
      "Carceri e negazione delle cure",
      "Donne e violenza sessuale",
      "Rifugiati e asilo",
      "Condizioni di vita e diritti economici",
      "Detenzione e processi"
    ],
    "published": "2026",
    "periodCovered": "2025",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.amnesty.org/en/location/middle-east-and-north-africa/egypt/report-egypt/",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 24,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-024",
    "year": 2025,
    "organization": "International Trade Union Confederation",
    "documentType": "Indice internazionale",
    "title": {
      "it": "Indice globale dei diritti 2025: i diritti dei lavoratori in Egitto",
      "ar": "المؤشر العالمي للحقوق 2025: حقوق العمال في مصر",
      "en": "Global Rights Index 2025: Workers’ Rights in Egypt"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Colloca l’Egitto tra i dieci peggiori Paesi per i lavoratori, documentando ostacoli alla registrazione dei sindacati, detenzione di sindacalisti e criminalizzazione degli scioperi e delle richieste di un salario minimo. Sezione sull’Egitto: pagina 42 della numerazione a stampa.",
      "ar": "يضع مصر ضمن أسوأ عشر دول للعمال، ويوثق عرقلة تسجيل النقابات واعتقال النقابيين وتجريم الإضراب والمطالبة بالأجر الأدنى. قسم مصر: الصفحة المطبوعة 42.",
      "en": "Places Egypt among the ten worst countries for workers, documenting blocked union registration, detained unionists and criminalisation of strikes and minimum-wage demands. Egypt section: printed page 42."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Lavoratori e sindacati"
    ],
    "published": "2025-06-02",
    "periodCovered": "2024–2025",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.ituc-csi.org/IMG/pdf/en__global_right_index_2025__final_web.pdf",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 25,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-025",
    "year": 2026,
    "organization": "International Trade Union Confederation",
    "documentType": "Nota sui diritti umani",
    "title": {
      "it": "Indice globale dei diritti 2026: l’Egitto rimane tra i peggiori Paesi per i lavoratori",
      "ar": "المؤشر العالمي للحقوق 2026: استمرار مصر ضمن الأسوأ للعمال",
      "en": "Global Rights Index 2026: Egypt Remains among the Worst for Workers"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "L’edizione 2026 colloca nuovamente l’Egitto tra i dieci peggiori Paesi per i lavoratori, nell’ambito della valutazione delle violazioni dei diritti di organizzazione, espressione e riunione.",
      "ar": "يعرض إصدار 2026 استمرار إدراج مصر ضمن أسوأ عشر دول للعمال، في سياق انتهاكات حقوق التنظيم والتعبير والتجمع.",
      "en": "The 2026 edition again places Egypt among the ten worst countries for workers, within its assessment of violations of organising, expression and assembly rights."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Lavoratori e sindacati"
    ],
    "published": "2026",
    "periodCovered": "2026",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.ituc-csi.org/ituc-global-rights-index-2026",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 26,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-HRW-2014",
    "year": 2014,
    "organization": "Human Rights Watch",
    "documentType": "Rapporto annuale",
    "title": {
      "it": "Rapporto mondiale 2014: Egitto — gli eventi del 2013",
      "ar": "التقرير العالمي 2014: مصر — أحداث 2013",
      "en": "World Report 2014: Egypt — Events of 2013"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Le uccisioni di massa, gli arresti, i processi e la repressione delle libertà nel 2013.",
      "ar": "مجازر 2013 والاعتقالات والمحاكمات وقمع الحريات.",
      "en": "The 2013 mass killings, arrests, trials and repression of freedoms."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Rapporti annuali"
    ],
    "published": "2014",
    "periodCovered": "2013",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2014/country-chapters/egypt",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 27,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-HRW-2015",
    "year": 2015,
    "organization": "Human Rights Watch",
    "documentType": "Rapporto annuale",
    "title": {
      "it": "Rapporto mondiale 2015: Egitto — gli eventi del 2014",
      "ar": "التقرير العالمي 2015: مصر — أحداث 2014",
      "en": "World Report 2015: Egypt — Events of 2014"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Il consolidamento della repressione, la detenzione prolungata e le restrizioni alle libertà durante il 2014.",
      "ar": "ترسيخ القمع والاحتجاز المطول وتضييق الحريات خلال 2014.",
      "en": "Entrenched repression, prolonged detention and restrictions on freedoms during 2014."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Rapporti annuali"
    ],
    "published": "2015",
    "periodCovered": "2014",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2015/country-chapters/egypt",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 28,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-HRW-2016",
    "year": 2016,
    "organization": "Human Rights Watch",
    "documentType": "Rapporto annuale",
    "title": {
      "it": "Rapporto mondiale 2016: Egitto — gli eventi del 2015",
      "ar": "التقرير العالمي 2016: مصر — أحداث 2015",
      "en": "World Report 2016: Egypt — Events of 2015"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Tortura, sparizioni, processi di massa e sfollamenti nel Sinai.",
      "ar": "التعذيب والاختفاء والمحاكمات الجماعية وتهجير أهالي سيناء.",
      "en": "Torture, disappearance, mass trials and displacement in Sinai."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Rapporti annuali"
    ],
    "published": "2016",
    "periodCovered": "2015",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2016/country-chapters/egypt",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 29,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-HRW-2017",
    "year": 2017,
    "organization": "Human Rights Watch",
    "documentType": "Rapporto annuale",
    "title": {
      "it": "Rapporto mondiale 2017: Egitto — gli eventi del 2016",
      "ar": "التقرير العالمي 2017: مصر — أحداث 2016",
      "en": "World Report 2017: Egypt — Events of 2016"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "La criminalizzazione della difesa dei diritti e la persecuzione della società civile durante il 2016.",
      "ar": "تجريم العمل الحقوقي وملاحقة المجتمع المدني خلال 2016.",
      "en": "Criminalisation of rights work and persecution of civil society during 2016."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Rapporti annuali"
    ],
    "published": "2017",
    "periodCovered": "2016",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2017/country-chapters/egypt",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 30,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-HRW-2018",
    "year": 2018,
    "organization": "Human Rights Watch",
    "documentType": "Rapporto annuale",
    "title": {
      "it": "Rapporto mondiale 2018: Egitto — gli eventi del 2017",
      "ar": "التقرير العالمي 2018: مصر — أحداث 2017",
      "en": "World Report 2018: Egypt — Events of 2017"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Tortura, blocco dei siti web, attacchi al giornalismo e crisi economica.",
      "ar": "التعذيب وحجب المواقع وملاحقة الصحافة وأثر الأزمة الاقتصادية.",
      "en": "Torture, website blocking, attacks on journalism and the economic crisis."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Rapporti annuali"
    ],
    "published": "2018",
    "periodCovered": "2017",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2018/country-chapters/egypt",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 31,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-HRW-2019",
    "year": 2019,
    "organization": "Human Rights Watch",
    "documentType": "Rapporto annuale",
    "title": {
      "it": "Rapporto mondiale 2019: Egitto — gli eventi del 2018",
      "ar": "التقرير العالمي 2019: مصر — أحداث 2018",
      "en": "World Report 2019: Egypt — Events of 2018"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "L’uso delle leggi antiterrorismo e di emergenza per soffocare il dissenso pacifico nel 2018.",
      "ar": "استخدام قوانين الإرهاب والطوارئ لسحق المعارضة السلمية في 2018.",
      "en": "Use of counterterrorism and emergency laws to crush peaceful dissent in 2018."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Rapporti annuali"
    ],
    "published": "2019",
    "periodCovered": "2018",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2019/country-chapters/egypt",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 32,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-HRW-2020",
    "year": 2020,
    "organization": "Human Rights Watch",
    "documentType": "Rapporto annuale",
    "title": {
      "it": "Rapporto mondiale 2020: Egitto — gli eventi del 2019",
      "ar": "التقرير العالمي 2020: مصر — أحداث 2019",
      "en": "World Report 2020: Egypt — Events of 2019"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Modifiche costituzionali, repressione politica e violazioni nel Sinai settentrionale durante il 2019.",
      "ar": "التعديلات الدستورية والقمع السياسي وانتهاكات شمال سيناء خلال 2019.",
      "en": "Constitutional changes, political repression and North Sinai abuses during 2019."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Rapporti annuali"
    ],
    "published": "2020",
    "periodCovered": "2019",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2020/country-chapters/egypt",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 33,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-HRW-2021",
    "year": 2021,
    "organization": "Human Rights Watch",
    "documentType": "Rapporto annuale",
    "title": {
      "it": "Rapporto mondiale 2021: Egitto — gli eventi del 2020",
      "ar": "التقرير العالمي 2021: مصر — أحداث 2020",
      "en": "World Report 2021: Egypt — Events of 2020"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Governo autoritario e persecuzione degli attivisti e dei familiari dei dissidenti in esilio durante il 2020.",
      "ar": "قبضة الحكم السلطوي وملاحقة النشطاء وأسر المعارضين في الخارج خلال 2020.",
      "en": "Authoritarian rule and persecution of activists and exiled dissidents’ relatives during 2020."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Rapporti annuali"
    ],
    "published": "2021",
    "periodCovered": "2020",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2021/country-chapters/egypt",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 34,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-HRW-2022",
    "year": 2022,
    "organization": "Human Rights Watch",
    "documentType": "Rapporto annuale",
    "title": {
      "it": "Rapporto mondiale 2022: Egitto — gli eventi del 2021",
      "ar": "التقرير العالمي 2022: مصر — أحداث 2021",
      "en": "World Report 2022: Egypt — Events of 2021"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Tribunali d’emergenza, condanne a morte, arresti e restrizioni alle associazioni durante il 2021.",
      "ar": "محاكم الطوارئ وأحكام الإعدام والاعتقال والتضييق على الجمعيات خلال 2021.",
      "en": "Emergency courts, death sentences, arrests and restrictions on associations during 2021."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Rapporti annuali"
    ],
    "published": "2022",
    "periodCovered": "2021",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2022/country-chapters/egypt",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 35,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-HRW-2023",
    "year": 2023,
    "organization": "Human Rights Watch",
    "documentType": "Rapporto annuale",
    "title": {
      "it": "Rapporto mondiale 2023: Egitto — gli eventi del 2022",
      "ar": "التقرير العالمي 2023: مصر — أحداث 2022",
      "en": "World Report 2023: Egypt — Events of 2022"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Sparizioni, tortura, crisi economica e diritto al cibo durante il 2022.",
      "ar": "الإخفاء والتعذيب والأزمة الاقتصادية والحق في الغذاء خلال 2022.",
      "en": "Disappearance, torture, the economic crisis and the right to food during 2022."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Rapporti annuali",
      "Condizioni di vita e diritti economici",
      "Libertà e società civile"
    ],
    "published": "2023",
    "periodCovered": "2022",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2023/country-chapters/egypt",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 36,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-HRW-2024",
    "year": 2024,
    "organization": "Human Rights Watch",
    "documentType": "Rapporto annuale",
    "title": {
      "it": "Rapporto mondiale 2024: Egitto — gli eventi del 2023",
      "ar": "التقرير العالمي 2024: مصر — أحداث 2023",
      "en": "World Report 2024: Egypt — Events of 2023"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Repressione, elezioni, inflazione ed erosione della protezione sociale durante il 2023.",
      "ar": "القمع والانتخابات والتضخم وتآكل الحماية الاجتماعية خلال 2023.",
      "en": "Repression, elections, inflation and erosion of social protection during 2023."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Rapporti annuali",
      "Condizioni di vita e diritti economici",
      "Libertà e società civile"
    ],
    "published": "2024",
    "periodCovered": "2023",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2024/country-chapters/egypt",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 37,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-HRW-2025",
    "year": 2025,
    "organization": "Human Rights Watch",
    "documentType": "Rapporto annuale",
    "title": {
      "it": "Rapporto mondiale 2025: Egitto — gli eventi del 2024",
      "ar": "التقرير العالمي 2025: مصر — أحداث 2024",
      "en": "World Report 2025: Egypt — Events of 2024"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "La repressione e l’impatto dei prezzi, della povertà e delle interruzioni di corrente sulla vita quotidiana durante il 2024.",
      "ar": "قمع الحريات وأثر الغلاء والفقر وانقطاع الكهرباء على الحياة اليومية خلال 2024.",
      "en": "Repression and the impact of prices, poverty and power cuts on daily life during 2024."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Rapporti annuali",
      "Condizioni di vita e diritti economici",
      "Libertà e società civile"
    ],
    "published": "2025",
    "periodCovered": "2024",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2025/country-chapters/egypt",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 38,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "IR-HRW-2026",
    "year": 2026,
    "organization": "Human Rights Watch",
    "documentType": "Rapporto annuale",
    "title": {
      "it": "Rapporto mondiale 2026: Egitto — gli eventi del 2025",
      "ar": "التقرير العالمي 2026: مصر — أحداث 2025",
      "en": "World Report 2026: Egypt — Events of 2025"
    },
    "summary": {
      "it": "Repressione, carceri, processi e diritti economici e sociali durante il 2025.",
      "ar": "القمع والسجون والمحاكمات والحقوق الاقتصادية والاجتماعية خلال 2025.",
      "en": "Repression, prisons, trials and economic and social rights during 2025."
    },
    "topics": [
      "Rapporti annuali",
      "Condizioni di vita e diritti economici",
      "Libertà e società civile"
    ],
    "published": "2026",
    "periodCovered": "2025",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2026/country-chapters/egypt",
    "originalLanguage": null,
    "originalTitle": null,
    "waybackUrl": null,
    "provenance": {
      "csvRow": 39,
      "sourceSha256": "f558ed0af2b5ad6e3109e25487c1b7bf8d671bd114f1df86ce8ac08421bbe523",
      "editorialSourceSha256": "a6a20d7121d7557d85fa92db274839421478698b48a92e97a65da350be06701b",
      "editorialSource": "Existing published Egypt Memory report catalogue"
    }
  }
]